Occluded ear simulators

FEM Analysis of Occluded Ear Simulator with Narrow Slit Pathway

This paper discusses the propagation of sound waves in air, specifically in narrow rectangular pathways of an occluded-ear simulator for acoustic measurements. In narrow pathways, both the speed of sound and the phase of the sound waves are affected by the damping of the air viscosity. Herein, we propose a new finite-element method (FEM) that considers the effects of the air viscosity. The meth...

Measurements of acoustic impedance at the input to the occluded ear canal.

Multi-frequency (multi-component) acoustic impedance measurements may evolve into a sensitive technique for the remote detection of aural pathologies. Such data are also relevant to models used in hearing aid design and could be an asset to the hearing aid prescription and fitting process. This report describes the development and use of a broad-band procedure which acquires impedance data in 2...

The sound field in life-size replicas of human ear canals occluded by a hearing aid

Sound levels in a 2-cc cavity, a Zwislocki coupler, and occluded ear canals.

Probe-tube measurements of the differences in sound levels at three locations in ear canals were compared to the differences in levels measured at analogous positions in a Zwislocki coupler and a 2-cc cavity. The results support the recommendation of Sachs and Burkhard that probe tube measurements should not be made with the probe tube flush with the earmold tip and close to the sound inlet bor...

Forest Simulators

Clark, C. W., and M. Mangel. 2000. Dynamic state variable models in ecology: methods and applications. Oxford: Oxford University Press. Giraldeau, L.-A., and T. Caraco. 2000. Social foraging theory. Princeton: Princeton University Press. Houston, A. I., and J. M. McNamara. 1999. Models of adaptive behaviour: an approach based on state. Cambridge, UK: Cambridge University Press. Stephens, D. W.,...